1. 计算机专业词汇
1.1 名词缩写速查
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| 缩写 | 全称 | 所属领域 | 解释 |
|---|---|---|---|
| PC | Programming Counter | 程序计数器，指向下一个要执行的指令 | |
| IPC | Instructions Per Cycle | 一个周期内执行的指令数 | |
| CPI | Cycles Per Instruction | 执行完一条指令所需的周期数 | |
| SoC | System on a Chip | （芯）片上系统 | |
| HDL | Hardware Description Language | 以文本形式来描述数字系统硬件的结构和行为的语言 | |
| MMU | Memory Management Unit | 内存管理单元 | |
| BTB | Branch Target Buffer | 分支目标缓存 | |
| SFB | Short-Forwards Branch | 短向前跳分支，指出现频率很高并且覆盖指令很少的分支指令 | |
| RAS | Return-Address-Stack | branch（函数的）返回地址栈 | |
| SRAM | Static Random Access Memory | 静态随机存取存储器 | |
| DRAM | Dynamic Random Access Memory | 动态随机存取存储器 | |
| LLC | Last Level Cache | LLC refers to the highest-numbered cache that is accessed by the cores prior to fetching from memory. | |
| TEE | Trusted Execution Environment | 可信执行环境如Intel SGX、AMD | |
| CAM | Content-Addressable Memory | 内容寻址存储器，也称为关联存储器或关联存储，将输入搜索数据与存储数据表进行比较，并返回匹配数据的地址。 | |
| TLB | Translation Lookaside Buffer | TLB is a memory cache that stores the recent translations of virtual memory to physical memory. | |
| VLSI | |||
| FPGA | |||
| SIMD | |||
| RoCC | Rocket Custom Coprocessor | Rocket-core 的协处理器，可以通过RISC-V自定义扩展指令集作为命令控制RoCC执行 | |
| CSR | Control and Status Register | CSR is a register that stores various information in CPU. | |
| VLEN | Vector Length | 单个向量寄存器的bit数 | |
| XLEN | the width of an integer register in bits，如常见的32位或64位 | ||
| ELEN | Element Length | 向量元素的最大bit size | |
| LMUL | Number of registers in each group，每个group里的向量寄存器数目 | ||
| ELMUL | Effective LMUL | ||
| SEW | Selected Element Width | ||
| EEW | Effective Element Width | ||
| vl | Vector Length Register | XLEN-bit-wide read-only vl CSR | |
| vlenb | Vector Byte Length Register | XLEN-bit-wide read-only CSR vlenb holds the value VLEN/8, i.e., the vector register length in bytes. | |
| vstart | Vector Start Index Register | vstart read-write CSR specifies the index of the rst element to be executed by a vector instruction, | |
| vxrm | Vector Fixed-Point Rounding Mode Register | ||
| vxsat | Vector Fixed-Point Saturation Flag | The vxsat CSR has a single read-write least-signi cant bit (vxsat[0]) that indicates if a xed-point instruction has had to saturate an output value to t into a destination format. | |
| vcsr | Vector Control and Status Register |
1.2 专业名词
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| 英文 | 音标 | 中文 | 解释或例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| bandwidth | n. 带宽 | ||
| consistency | n. 一致性 | ||
| component | n. 组件 | ||
| distribution | n. 发行版本 | ||
| initialization | n. 初始化、赋初值 | ||
| page-table | n. 页表 | ||
| page table walk | n. 页表遍历 | ||
| bug | |||
| debug | |||
| frequency | n. 频率、主频 | ||
| bubble | |||
| dual issue | n. 双发射 | ||
| flavours | n. 版本 | RISC-V is little-endian and comes in 32 and 64 bit flavours. | |
| sequence | n. 序列 | ||
| little-endian | n. 小尾端 | ||
| big-endian | n. 大尾端 | ||
| superscalar | /ˌsuːpəˈskeɪlə; ˌsjuː-/ | adj.（计算机）超标量体系结构的 | |
| microarchitecture | n. 微体系结构 | ||
| branch-prediction | n. 分支预测 | ||
| branch predictor | n. 分支预测器 | ||
| high-performance | n. 高性能 | ||
| general-purpose computer | n. 通用计算机 | ||
| datacenter | n. 数据中心 | ||
| workstation | n. 工作站 | ||
| in-order execution | n. 顺序执行 | ||
| out-of-order | adj. 乱序 | ||
| framework | n. 框架 | ||
| model | n. 模型 | ||
| chip | n. 芯片 | ||
| core | n. 核、核心 | ||
| open-source | adj. 开放源码的 | ||
| functionality | /ˌfʌŋkʃəˈnæləti/ | n. 功能 | |
| configuration | n. 配置 | ||
| pipeline | n. 流水线 | ||
| issue queue | n. 发射队列 | ||
| register file | n. 寄存器文件 | ||
| frontend | n. 前端 | ||
| backend | n. 后端 | ||
| cache | n. 高速缓存 | ||
| buffer | n. 缓存 | ||
| simulation | n. 仿真 | ||
| critical path | n. 关键路径 | ||
| floating point | n. 浮点 | ||
| tight coupling | n. 紧耦合 | ||
| pre-compiled | adj. 预编译的 | ||
| cross-compilation | n. 交叉编译 | ||
| library | n. 库 | ||
| application | n. 应用 | ||
| module | n. 模块、组件 | ||
| machinery | /məˈʃiːnəri/ | n. 机制、体系 | |
| mechanism | n. 方法、机制 | ||
| fully-associative | adj. 全相连的 | ||
| throughput | n. 吞吐量 | ||
| snapshot | n. 快照 | ||
| writeback | v. 写回 | ||
| workload | n. 工作负载 | ||
| accelerator | n. 加速器 | ||
| microOp | n. 微操作 | 也写作𝜇OP | |
| interface | n. 接口 | ||
| operand | n. 操作数、操作对象 | ||
| opcode | n. 操作码 | ||
| outer memory | n. 外存 | ||
| task | n. 任务 | ||
| thread | n. 进程 | ||
| n. 线程 | |||
| machine learning | n. 机器学习 | ||
| vector computation | n. 向量计算机 | ||
| cryptography | /krɪpˈtɑːɡrəfi/ | n. 密码学 | |
| architecture | n. 体系结构 | ||
| microarchitecture | n. 微体系结构 | ||
2. 从句子中学表达
2.1 analogous to 类似于
Analogous to the way in which the floating-point unit is handled, the mstatus.VS field may exist even if misa.V is clear.
It is defined analogously to the floating-point context status field, FS.
